What is ijma

After the death of the Prophet, to whom the Quran was revealed and from whom the Sunna came, Ijma and ijtihad, became imperative,since it was only through them that new problems, which the Quran and Sunna of the Prophet did not adequately explain could be solved.

Jurists such as Malik, Shafii, Daud al-Zahiri, al-Amidi, al-Ghazali and others have all discussed the concepts of ijma in detail. The problem, however, is that their ideas are no longer applicable in modern times, given the tremendous changes in all spheres of life that have taken place since their day. The dinamics of modern society are entirely different. Consequently, it is necessary to determine the form which the concept of ijma, should take in modern times in order to answer and solve the current problem which confront Muslim society.

This reform can be archievedby reexamining and reinterpreting medieval legal theory in accordance will the needs of the present time and environment an in the spirit of the Quran and the Sunna of the Prophet. Muhammad Abduh was one of those who concerned themselves with legal reform. Blessings and salutations to the Prophet Muhammad PBUH, his wives, his family, companions and all those that follow his teachings to the day of judgement.

Hence, in this series of Irsyad Usul al-Fiqh, we will discuss this issue further. According to the above definition stated by Imam al-Zarkasyi, there are several important points as the following:. While if it is an usuluddin issue, then the theologians must reach an agreement. Through our research, there is a limited number of books discussing this issue. In such cases, those people with extreme knowledge on Quran and ahaadith, extract the ruling for a particular situation. This is called qiyas.

After the time of prophet Muhammad saws, and during the khilafat of 4 great khulafa, whatever qiyas is done and accepted by all sahaba is called ijma. This form of consensus was technically defined as agreement of all competent jurists in any particular generation, acting as representatives of the community. Usul-i-fiqh posits that there are four basic sources of Islamic law.

They are: 1 Qiyas, or analogical reasoning, and 2 Ijma, or consensus of the Islamic community on a point of law. According to Sharia, sovereignty vests in God Allah , requiring the state to act within the limits of divine law, or Sharia. Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. Press ESC to cancel.